I looked through game.c to find this element's name, and there it was: el_pearl_breaking. I figured I could just add it to my levelset's editorsetup.conf after lopping off the el_ at the beginning (el_pearl is not valid for editorsetup.conf but pearl is, el_sp_disk_yellow isn't valid but sp_disk_yellow is), but it refused to show up in the editor after adding it. I tested around a bit: the regular elements like nut, pearl, sign_sperms, etc. all showed up, but the "technical" ones such as explosion, nut_breaking, and pearl_breaking did not.
Are those technical elements off-limits for level creators entirely? I'd imagined that the more tame elements like explosion and the breaking animations would be allowed even if the obviously glitchy elements like flames and magic_wall_emptying remain unselectable.
(And yes, I made sure that the entries in editorsetup.conf were in lowercase)